Android 16 dynamically features a robust Compatibility Framework This means that, instead of abrupt changes that break the application, Google has implemented: Behavior Toggles: Developers can enable or disable specific system behavior changes (including those affecting AdServices/Privacy) to test whether... Simplified debugging: Each change has a unique code and name in the log output, allowing you to quickly identify if an ad delivery or attribution issue is related to a specific change

https://source.android.com/docs/core/ota/modular-system/adservices AdServices The AdServices module, introduced in Android 13, supports the Privacy Sandbox initiative that aims to create technologies that both protect people's privacy online and give companies and developers tools to build thriving digital businesses. More information is available on the Android Developer site. Motivation The goals of the Privacy Sandbox Initiative are: Build new technology to keep user information private Enable publishers and developers to keep online content free Collaborate with the industry to build to new internet privacy standards